Gandhi's Popular Appeal

2020-04-27 15:18:34

Champaran Satyagraha (1917)

requested by Rajkumar Shukla , a local man to look into problems of Indigo planters of Champaran in Bihar.
Tinkathia 3/20 system was forced by European planters to peasants.
joined by Rajendra Prasad, Mazharul-Haq, Mahadeo Desai , Narhari Parekh, and J.B. Kripalan who reached Champaran to probe into the matter.
the planters refunded 25% of the money taken as compensation
NCN first time in India
Spontaneous rallying behind MG
Rich peasants orgs -> lesser violent action
Champaran Agri Act Nov 1918

dispute b/w cotton mill owners and workers on discontinuation of plague bonus
Workers demanded a raise of 50%
Anusuya Sarabhai was sister of Amabalal Sarabhai one of the mill owners asked for Gandhi's intervention
undertook fast unto death for the 1st time here
In middle of Kheda Satyagraha
27.5% rise compromised
Led to formation of Textile Labour Asso 1920

Because of drought crops had failed gov was not budging on revenue demand
Gandhi asked farmers not to pay taxes
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and a group of other devoted Gandhians, namely, Narahari Parikh , Mohanlal Pandya and Ravi Shankar Vyas who went around the villages, organised villagers and provided necessary leadership
revenue was to be collected from only the ones that could pay
CDM first time tried in this

Inc in defence expend, rising taxes, land rev -> discontent
Wartime price rise, famines, epidemics
High inflation, late rains, rise in agri wages, bubonic plague
Forced recruit
IN industry dev, jute, textiles/cotton with Indian capital, price rise affected working class
Educated youth discovered real face of west civ
Did Not use revivalism, successfully used religious idioms, moral goal
Inclusivism
Hardships of peasants ex Patidar peasants