1. Natural Hazard in IN Earthquake

Natural Hazard in IN Earthquake

2020-11-09 14:13:03

  • 27 states and UT are disaster prone, 58.6% area prone to earthquake, over 40mil hectare prone to floods, 5700 km coastline prone to cyclones and tsunamis, 68% ar vulnerable to droughts

Earthquake

  • Magnitude in Richter, Intensity in Mercalli scale

Consequence -

  • Primary damage : to human settlement, buildings, structures, infra
  • Secondary : ex fires, dams, landslides, tsunami, chemical spills et
  • Tertiary : ex PTSD, long term psychological issues, loss of livelihood etc

Mitigation

  • Emphasis on preparedness, mitigation
  • Earthquake monitoring centre, Vulnerability map disseminate risk info, planning, upgrade imp buildings through retrofitting, community preparedness public education, soil type analysed and structure be engineered
  • Encourage indigenous methods - ex Bhonga in Kutch, Dhajji Diwari in JK, Eka in Assam #important
  • Quick and effective response
  • National Earthquake Risk mitigation Project by NDMA, National Building Code
  • Challenges to Mitigation - inadequate enforcement, absence of earthquake resistant feature, lack of formal training, lack of awareness, absence of sys of licensing

NDMA Guidelines

  • Seismically safe design be ensured by C and S
  • Selective seismic strengthening, retrofitting of existing structures - buildings of national imp, critical buildings, public utility structures, etc
  • Regulation and enforcement by S gov
  • Awareness and preparedness through handbooks on earthquake safety, seismic safety manuals, manual on structural safety audit
  • Capacity development among target groups ex elected reps, gov officials, professionals, NGOs etc
  • Emergency response undertaken through Incident Command system